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The Crisis of Representative Democracy

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Livres, actualités : tout sur Andrée Chedid

Née le 20 mars 1920 au Caire, en Égypte, sous le nom Andrée Saab, Andrée Chedid y mène ses études, apprenant le français et l'anglais, et utilisant de manière ponctuelle l'arabe. Avec son mari Louis Selim Chedid, qu'elle épouse en 1942, elle part au Liban l'année suivante, où elle publie son premier recueil poétique, On the Trails of My Fancy, sous le pseudonyme A. Lake.

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Game of Thrones, des livres de George R.R. Martin à la série HBO

Né en 1948 aux États-Unis, George R.R. Martin écrit au départ pour créer de nouvelles histoires mettant en scène les super-héros Marvel, puis pour tuer le temps, alors qu'il peine à trouver un emploi dans le secteur du journalisme. Petit à petit, il devient un auteur confirmé de nouvelles de science-fiction. Après avoir commencé une carrière comme scénariste de séries télévisées, il commence, au début des années 1990, à rédiger une saga de type fantasy, intitulée A Song of Ice and Fire et traduite en français sous le titre Le Trône de Fer.

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Le trône de fer : les livres de la saga A Song of Ice and Fire de George RR Martin

Le trône de fer est une immense saga d’héroïque fantasy qui s’inspire de la série des Rois maudits de Maurice Druon. C’est au début des années 1990 que Georges R.R. Martin commence à écrire Le trône de fer, le premier volume est publié en 1996. En 2007, la chaine de télévision HBO acquiert les droits d’adaptations. L’auteur lui-même participe à sa production et écrit le scénario d’un épisode par saison. 

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Foire du Livre de Francfort 2019 : la Norvège à l'honneur

La Foire du Livre de Francfort 2019, 71e édition, se déroulera du 16 au 20 octobre. L'un des plus importants salons du monde du livre européen fera cette fois une place d'honneur à la Norvège. « The dream we carry », ou le « Le rêve que nous faisons », titre du programme mis en œuvre par le pays, promet beaucoup, et notamment des focus sur la liberté d'expression et sur les auteurs et livres féministes.

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Livres, actualités : tout sur Virginia Woolf

Née Adeline Virginia Alexandra Stephen en 1882, Virginia Woolf grandit dans une famille aisée, où elle dispose d'un accès facilité à l'art et à la culture de son époque. Les disparitions de sa mère, en 1895, de sa demi-sœur puis de son père fragilisent toutefois son état émotionnel : elle devient sujette aux dépressions nerveuses. En 1915, elle publie son premier roman, The Voyage Out, après quelques années d'activité au sein du supplément littéraire du Times. 

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Dossier

Courir ou mourir : Le Labyrinthe, la saga de James Dashner

Depuis la publication du premier livre en 2009, la saga Le Labyrinthe (titre original : The Maze Runner), écrite par James Dashner, a marqué une génération d'adolescents et jeunes adultes par son intrigue captivante, ses personnages attachants et sa représentation métaphorique des défis de l'adolescence. Cette saga dystopique a séduit des millions de lecteurs à travers le monde et a inspiré une série de films à succès.

Extraits

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Sciences politiques

The Crisis of Representative Democracy

The ideological background and the deficiencies of the concept of representation are being analyzed. It is shown that the present crisis of the Western democratic system is to be attributed to the form of oligarchy which has developed as a result of the "dogma of representation". The fictitious character of representation is being elaborated on the ontological, psychological and normative levels. An analysis of present and historical forms of parliamentary systems (as examples for the ideology of representation) is followed by a reflection on possible alternatives to this traditional system of power. Various forms of direct democracy are examined in regard to their practicability.

12/1987

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«In the Interest of Democracy»

Until recently, there has been little concrete evidence linking the American Federation of Labor (AFL) to the U.S. government's Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in the late 1940s and early 1950s. In this book, based upon recently opened archival collections, the author investigates this controversial and complicated early Cold War relationship. Contrary to arguments that the AFL's international activities were entirely controlled by the U.S. government to the detriment of the independent international labor movement, or that the AFL acted on its own without government involvement to foster legitimate anti-communist trade unions, the author's examination of the archival sources reveals that the AFL and the CIA made an alliance of convenience based upon common goals and ideologies, which dissolved when the balance of power shifted away from the AFL and into the hands of the CIA. In addition to tracing the complicated historical threads which resulted in an apparently unlikely relationship, three specific examples of how the AFL worked with the CIA are investigated in this book : the development of the anti-communist trade union federation Force Ouvrière in France ; the AFL campaign against the Soviet Union's use of "slave labor" at the UN ; and labor's role in the activities of the National Committee for a Free Europe, including Radio Free Europe and the Free Trade Union Center in Exile.

07/2011

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Sciences politiques

Pass or Fail?. Assessing the Quality of Democracy in South Africa

In recent years, growing concerns over the strength of South Africa's democracy appear to indicate a population increasingly disillusioned and dissatisfied with the quality of its implementation. This book assesses the quality of democracy in South Africa after 20 years of democracy in order to ascertain whether or not this growing perception is valid. Since the inception of democracy in 1994 there have been countless procedural and substantive improvements in addressing historically entrenched political, social and economic problems ; however, there are serious issues that have emerged relating to the quality of democratic implementation in South Africa. Two existing analytical frameworks of democracy assessment, International IDEA's State of Democracy framework and Leonardo Morlino's tool for empirical research on democratic qualities, TODEM, are utilised to assess the quality of South Africa's rule of law and institutional capacity ; representative and accountable government ; civil society and popular participation ; and freedom and equality after 20 years of democracy. The book concludes cautiously that while South Africa faces many serious and threatening potholes in the road to a fully successful democracy, there is nevertheless much to applaud.

09/1991

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Sciences politiques

A Morbid Democracy. Old and New Populisms

The crisis of democracy in Europe and the inability of the political parties and élites to adequately meet the challenges of globalisation exposes the increasingly fragmented middle classes to the temptations of Euroscepticism, and, in some cases, xenophobia. This appears to be a portrait of contemporary reality, but the current crisis has deep roots. The Spanish thinker José Ortega y Gasset described the pathologies of the mass man and of the nascent democratic system as far back as the beginning of the twentieth century, in a significant text entitled Una democracia morbosa, which appears to foreshadow the present state of affairs. The crisis of the average man, the degradation and devaluation of culture appear to be the distinctive traits of the new, post-ideological democracy of our times, known as "audience democracy". The political parties, faced with this profound crisis, in some cases seek dangerous shortcuts through demagogic and rhetorical use of the term "people", while the charismatic figure of the leader gains in prestige as a reference model. Resentment, caused by lack of representation of the just demands of the citizens, can turn to anger and destabilise the institutions of democracy. There is therefore an urgent need for an inclusive Europe with a renewed welfare system, based around the citizenry and not the masses.

09/1987

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Droit

The Winter of Democracy. Partitocracy in Belgium

In itself, partitocracy can be simply defined as a political regime where power is - in an excessive degree - in the hands of political parties. In Belgium, partitocracy has perhaps reached its highest level of elaboration, with complex interactions between citizens, candidates and elected representatives, parties as well as parliaments and governments. The Winter of Democracy : Partitocracy in Belgium aligns a dozen of scientific contributions that tackle the mutltifaceted concept of partitocracy from multiple perspectives. The book also celebrates the academic career of Lieven De Winter, almost five decades of a rich research commitment that spanned both at Université catholique de Louvain and at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, as well as across numerous institutions, projects and networks all around Europe. Lieven De Winter has significantly contributed to the study of all dimensions that constitute the core object of this book : Partitocracy in Belgium.

06/2022

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Sciences politiques

Organizing after Crisis. The Challenge of Learning

How do actors organize after crisis ? Do they "simply" return to normal ? The post-crisis phase is anything but a linear process. Actors and their practices may be transformed by learning from crises and by implementing the lessons. In this volume, 19 contributors from 7 countries analyse how learning happens after crisis in a dynamic political environment where framings, strategies, discourses, interests and resources interact. Exploring various policy sectors, they ask whether and in what ways organizations in charge of crisis management perform well. Where political responsibility is located ? What changes do lessons trigger at political, organizational and individual levels ? The book answers these questions by addressing issues like blame and responsibility but also the influence of communication, social dynamics and the institutional environment.

03/1994

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